Notes by Akshat Jiwan Sharma

ABSTRACT: Although electrostatic motors and generators have been among the first electrical machines developed they have not gained widespread adoption in power engineering.Except for very niche applications in micromotors the electrostatic machines have not done well.The electrostatic theory is overlooked & it's the electromagnetic counterparts that are intensely studied in educational institutes. In this paper we explore the reasons behind this fact & propose the design of an electrostatic generator that can compete with its magnetic analogue.  INTRODUCTION:  Forces due to electrostatic fields are extremely powerful. If a charge is moving at the speed of 1m/sec then the magnetic force due it is 3x10^8 times weaker than the electrostatic force.  This should have encouraged engineers & scientists to develop electrostatic motors & generators but it hides a very important point about electrostatic fields. At the magnetic saturation limit the electric field ...

Multi element antennas like LPDA (log periodic dipole antennas) have the advantage that they can work over a wide range of frequencies. An antenna has a fixed length which is calculated experimentally to maximize the radiation. It follows therefore that an antenna designed this way will work on a limited range of frequencies. Or only the one it is designed for. When you combine multiple such elements you increase the range of frequencies that the antenna can handle. Each element maximizes the radiation for a particular frequency. This feature is incredibly useful in cellular technologies, for example, that have to transmit over a set of frequencies. Conversely an LPDA can also function as a receiver for a frequency range. Single LPDA receiving many frequencies. However not all elements can radiate on all frequencies. In these cases the elements that do radiate are called active elements those that don't are passive. Passive elements can act as reflectors, increasing the gain of the...

I’m not the best one to give career advice but I would say spend as little time as possible waiting. After you’ve applied to the positions you should look to get busy on personal projects even if they are not paying the bills. But what are the things you can do at this stage? Let's start from simple things and then branch out a bit If you’re good at antennas the easiest thing that you can probably do at this stage is to study the antennas built by other companies and do a technical review for them. What category does the antenna fit in (directional, omnidirectional, portable, outdoor etc etc)? How easy is the system to set up? What is its efficiency (input power vs range/number of devices)? In what cases can it be used? ETC. Once you tune yourself you’ll discover new parameters of evaluation. This exercise will give you an understanding of the antenna market (their price, target customer etc) as well as increase your practical knowledge of different kinds of antennas in use. Beside...